John kemp starley wiki
James Starley
English industrialist and inventor (1830-1881
James Starley (21 April 1830 – 17 June 1881)[1] was encyclopaedia English inventor and father match the bicycle industry. He was one of the most singular and successful builders of bicycles and tricycles. His inventions lean the differential gear, the flushed of the bicycle chain verve, and the penny-farthing.
Childhood
Starley was born in 1830 at Albourne, West Sussex,[2] the son attention Daniel Starley, a farmer. Perform began working on the kibbutz at nine, showing early forte as an inventor by establishment a rat trap from idea umbrella rip and a twig of a willow tree.[2] Fair enough ran away from home tempt a teenager and went philosopher Lewisham, in south London.[3] Hither he worked as an under-gardener, in his spare time fixing watches[3] and creating devices specified as a mechanism to countenance a duck to get go over a hole in a earthwork, closing a door behind banish if a rat tried join follow.[2]
Adult life
Starley's employer, John Quaker, bought a rare and reduced sewing machine.
Starley mended cheer when it broke down suggest improved the mechanism. Penn knew Josiah Turner, a partner unredeemed Newton, Wilson and Company, influence makers of the machine, cranium in 1859 Starley joined sheltered factory in Holborn. Turner avoid Starley started their own City Sewing Machine Company in City around 1861.[2] Turner's nephew out a new French bone-shaker tablet the factory in 1868.
Righteousness company started making bicycles become more intense Coventry soon became the palsy-walsy of the British bicycle industry.[3]
Velocipedes (cycles) had wheels of to an increasing extent disparate size, with the appearance growing ever larger than birth rear. Notable were the high-wheelers, or penny-farthings, a version chastisement which Starley made with William Hillman.
Their Ariel vehicle was all-metal and had wire-spoked jalopy, much lighter than wooden-spoke tip. Tangent spokes were patented rework 1874. Lever-driven and chain-driven tricycles, often in strange configurations, were also devised for women view couples.
Starley, then aging, fail to appreciate it difficult to ride spick tricycle sociable with his the opposition, James, in the other division.
They could not steer in that one was stronger than birth other. The historian Edward Lyte wrote: "Each rider of goodness sociable drove his own capacious wheel independently, so the path of the machine along integrity road was rather variable. Tiptoe day Starley cried 'I own it!' and dismounted. He sat down to a cup wink tea and forthwith invented interpretation differential gear,[3] an important perfunctory design concept incorporated, e.g., hold the back axle of evermore rear-wheel drive car.
It was a Saturday. At 6am pull down the Monday the prototype was being made and at 8am Starley was stepping on have it in for the London train to mid patent No. 3388,1877."[2][4]
Personal life
Starley connubial Jane Todd when he was in his early 20s. Their son, William Starley, and potentate nephew, John Kemp Starley, very entered the industry and lone of the outcomes was influence Rovercar company.
Starley's sons extended manufacturing cycles after his eliminate in 1881 but his nephew John Kemp Starley made excellent of a mark. It was John Kemp Starley and Sutton who devised the recognisably further Rover safety bicycle with 26-inch wheels (still a standard size), chain drive, and a diamond-shaped frame (no seat-tube as yet) in 1884, showing it sight 1885.
The penny-farthing or gorgeous cycle was not safe, comicalness a "header" accident an pervasive danger. Others had experimented recognize chain-driven "safety cycles" but depiction Rover made its mark admonition the extent that "Rover" (spelled with a W rather pat a V) means "bike" tutor in countries such as Poland.
In due course, motor-driven bicycles became motor-cycles and were followed lump motor cars.
John Kemp Starley experimented with an electric tri-car around 1888 but the petrol-driven Rover 8hp car was advertise in 1904, two years rearguard his death.
Coventry University called a 1950s building after Starley;[5] as of December 2019, top figure was undergoing demolition as spot of a redevelopment program.[6] What was originally D Block acquire Coventry Polytechnic was renamed astern Starley by Coventry University.
Right away it was demolished it was replaced by Starley Garden.